Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)

Ibipimo bya tekiniki:

Hydrogen chloride ifite formula ya HCl. Molekile ya hydrogène chloride igizwe na atome ya chlorine na atome ya hydrogène. Ni umwuka udafite ibara ufite impumuro mbi. Gazi yangiza kandi idashya, ntabwo ihura n'amazi ariko ishongera mu mazi byoroshye. Ikunze kugaragara mu kirere mu buryo bw'imyotsi ya aside hydrochloric. Hydrogène chloride ishongera mu ethanol na ether, kandi ishongera mu bindi bintu byinshi by'ibinyabuzima; ishongera mu mazi byoroshye cyane, kuri 0°C, ingano 1 y'amazi ishobora gushonga ingano 500 za hydrogène chloride. Umuti wayo w'amazi uzwi cyane nka aside hydrochloric, kandi izina ryayo rya siyansi ni aside hydrochloric. Aside hydrochloric irimo umwuka uhindagurika. Hydrogène chloride nta ibara ifite, ifite aho ishongera ho gushonga ho -114.2°C n'aho ishyuha ho -85°C. Ntiyaka mu kirere kandi irahindagurika mu bushyuhe. Ntiyangirika kugeza kuri 1500°C. Ifite impumuro itoroshye, ifite uburibwe bukomeye mu nzira yo hejuru y'ubuhumekero, kandi irangiza amaso, uruhu n'uturemangingo tw'imitsi. Ubucucike bwayo buruta ubw'umwuka. Imiterere ya hydrogen chloride yumye ntabwo ikora cyane. Ibyuma bya alkali n'ibyuma bya alkaline bishobora gutwika muri hydrogen chloride, kandi iyo sodium itwitse, itanga umuriro w'umuhondo. Hydrogen chloride ikoreshwa mu nganda za peteroli kugira ngo iteze imbere imikorere n'ivugururwa rya catalysts no kongera ubukana bwa peteroli; ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora aside chlorosulfonique, rubber synthetic, nibindi; ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gukora amarangi, impumuro nziza, gukora imiti, chloride zitandukanye n'ibibuza kwangirika, hamwe no gusukura, gusiga, gukoresha electroplating metal, gukaranga, gutunganya cyangwa gukora ibyuma bikomeye. Gazi ya hydrogen chloride ifite isuku nyinshi ikoreshwa cyane mu gukura kwa silicon epitaxial, gusiga irangi ry'umwuka, gukata, gukata no gusukura mu nganda z'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

Porogaramu:

①Ibikoresho:

Hydrogen chloride nyinshi ikoreshwa mu gukora aside hydrochloric. Ni n'ikintu cy'ingenzi mu guhindura ibindi bintu mu nganda.

②Semiconductor:

Mu nganda za semiconductor, ikoreshwa mu gusya kristu za semiconductor ndetse no gusukura silikoni binyuze muri trichlorosilane (SiHCl3).

③Laboratwari:

Muri laboratwari, ubwoko bwa gaze budafite amazi ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gukora aside Lewis zishingiye kuri chloride, zigomba kuba zumutse cyane kugira ngo ahantu ha Lewis hakore.

Ipaki isanzwe:

Ibyiza:

①Isuku nyinshi, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho;

②Uruganda rukora icyemezo cya ISO;

③Gutanga vuba;

④Sisitemu yo gusesengura kuri interineti kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubuziranenge muri buri ntambwe;

⑤Gukoresha silinda mbere yo kuyizuza bisaba ubwitonzi bwinshi kandi bigakorwa neza;