Deuterium ni isotope ihamye ya hydrogen. Iyi isotope ifite imiterere itandukanye gato n'iya isotope yayo isanzwe (protium), kandi ifite akamaro mu mashami menshi ya siyansi, harimo na spectroscopy ya magnetic resonance spectroscopy na quantitative mass spectrometry. Ikoreshwa mu kwiga ingingo zitandukanye, kuva ku bushakashatsi ku bidukikije kugeza ku gusuzuma indwara.

Isoko ry’ibinyabutabire bifite ibirango bya isotope bihamye ryabonye izamuka rikomeye rirenga 200% mu mwaka ushize. Iyi ngendo igaragara cyane cyane mu biciro by’ibinyabutabire bifite ibirango bya isotope bihamye nka 13CO2 na D2O, byatangiye kuzamuka mu gice cya mbere cya 2022. Byongeye kandi, habayeho ukwiyongera gukomeye kwa biomolecules zifite ibirango bya isotope bihamye nka glucose cyangwa aside amine ari byo bintu by’ingenzi bigize imiterere y’uturemangingo.

Ubwiyongere bw'ibikenewe n'igabanuka ry'ibicuruzwa bitanga umusaruro byatumye ibiciro bizamuka

Ni iki cyagize ingaruka zikomeye ku itangwa rya deuterium n'ubusabe mu mwaka ushize? Imikoreshereze mishya y'imiti ifite ikirango cya deuterium irimo gutuma ubusabe bwa deuterium bwiyongera.

Guhinduranya ibikoresho bikora mu miti (APIs)

Atome za Deuterium (D, deuterium) zigira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'ikoreshwa ry'imiti mu mubiri w'umuntu. Byagaragaye ko ari ikintu cyizewe mu miti ivura. Bitewe n'imiterere isa ya deuterium na protium, deuterium ishobora gukoreshwa nk'igisimbura protium mu miti imwe n'imwe.

Ingaruka z'umuti ku kuvura ntizizagira ingaruka zikomeye no kongeramo deuterium. Ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye na metabolism bwagaragaje ko imiti irimo deuterium muri rusange igumana imbaraga n'ubushobozi bwuzuye. Ariko, imiti irimo deuterium igenda ikorwa buhoro buhoro, akenshi bigatuma ingaruka ziramba, dose nto cyangwa nke, ndetse n'ingaruka mbi nke.

Ni gute deuterium igira ingaruka ku ihindagurika ry’imikorere y’ibiyobyabwenge? Deuterium ishobora gukora imiyoboro ikomeye ya shimi mu ngirabuzimafatizo z’ibiyobyabwenge ugereranije na protium. Bitewe n’uko ihinduka ry’imiyoboro y’ibiyobyabwenge rikunze gutuma imiyoboro nk’iyo icika, imiyoboro ikomeye bivuze ko ihinduka ry’imiyoboro ritinda.

Okiside ya Deuterium ikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cyo gutangira gukora ibintu bitandukanye bya deuterium, harimo n'ibintu bikora mu miti bya deuterium.

Insinga ya Fiber Optic ya Deterated

Mu cyiciro cya nyuma cyo gukora fibre optique, insinga za fibre optique zivurwa na gaze deuterium. Ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa fibre optique bushobora kwangirika mu mikorere yabwo, ikintu giterwa n'imikorere ya shimi hamwe na atome ziri mu cyangwa hafi y'insinga.

Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, deuterium ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza zimwe muri protium ziri mu nsinga za fiber optique. Uku gusimbuza kugabanya umuvuduko w'impinduka kandi bikarinda kwangirika kw'urumuri, amaherezo bikongera igihe cy'ubuzima bw'insinga.

Guhindura semiconductor za silikoni na microchips

Uburyo bwo guhanahana deuterium-protium na gaze deuterium (deuterium 2; D 2) bukoreshwa mu gukora semiconductors za silicon na microchips, zikunze gukoreshwa mu dusanduku tw’amashanyarazi. Deuterium annealing ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza atome za protium na deuterium kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kwa shimi mu dusanduku tw’amashanyarazi n’ingaruka mbi z’ingaruka ziterwa n’ubushyuhe.

Mu gushyira mu bikorwa iyi gahunda, ubuzima bwa semiconductors na microchips bushobora kwagurwa no kunozwa cyane, bigatuma habaho gukora chips nto kandi zifite ubucucike bwinshi.

Guhindura Diode zisohora urumuri rw'umwimerere (OLEDs)

OLED, ni igikoresho gihinnye cya Organic Light Emitting Diode, ni igikoresho cya filime nto kigizwe n'ibikoresho bya semiconductor bya organic. OLED zifite ubucucike n'urumuri bike ugereranije na diode zisanzwe zisohora urumuri (LED). Nubwo OLED zihendutse kuzikora ugereranyije na LED zisanzwe, urumuri rwazo n'igihe cyazo cyo kubaho ntabwo biri hejuru cyane.

Kugira ngo habeho iterambere rihindura imikorere mu ikoranabuhanga rya OLED, gusimbuza protium na deuterium byagaragaye ko ari uburyo bwiza. Ibi biterwa nuko deuterium ikomeza imigozi y’ibinyabutabire mu bikoresho bya semiconductor bikoreshwa muri OLED, ibyo bikaba bitanga inyungu nyinshi: Kwangirika kwa shimi bibaho buhoro buhoro, bigatuma igihe cyo kubaho cy’igikoresho kirushaho kuba cyiza.