1. Gazi ya SF6sitasiyo y'ubushyuhe
Sitasiyo ntoya ikoresha gazi ya SF6 (GIS) igizwe n'ibintu byinshiGazi ya SF6Igikoresho cyo gukinga gishyizwe mu gikari cyo hanze, gishobora kugera ku rwego rwo kurinda IP54. Kubera inyungu y'ubushobozi bwo gukinga gaze ya SF6 (ubushobozi bwo gucika kw'umurambararo ni inshuro 100 z'umwuka), sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi ishyirwamo gaze ishobora gukora neza mu gihe kirenga imyaka 30. Ibice byose bizima bishyirwa mu kigega cy'icyuma gifunze neza cyuzuyemoGazi ya SF6Iyi miterere ishobora kwemeza ko GIS iba yizewe cyane mu gihe cyose ikora kandi ikaba idasaba kwitabwaho cyane.
Sitasiyo ikoresha gazi ikoreshwa mu muyoboro w’amashanyarazi uciriritse muri rusange igizwe na switchgear ya 11KV cyangwa 33KV ikoresha gazi. Ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa sitasiyo bukoresha gazi bushobora kuzuza ibisabwa n’imishinga myinshi.
Sitasiyo ya GIS ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rikoresha ikoranabuhanga rihendutse kandi rito mu gihe cyo kubaka, bityo ibyiza bya sitasiyo ya GIS ni ibi bikurikira:
Ugereranyije na sitasiyo isanzwe ya switchgear, ifata kimwe cya cumi cy'umwanya gusa. Kubwibyo, sitasiyo irinda gazi ya GIS ni amahitamo meza ku mishinga ifite umwanya muto kandi ifite imiterere mito.
2. Kuva ubwoGazi ya SF6iri mu kigega gifunze, ibice bya sitasiyo ifungisha gazi bizakora neza, kandi hazabaho amakosa make cyane ugereranyije na sitasiyo ifungisha umuyaga.
3. Imikorere yizewe kandi nta kwitabwaho.
Ingaruka mbi z'inyubako ntoya zirinda gazi za GIS:
1. Ikiguzi kizaba kiri hejuru ugereranyije n'imashini zisanzwe zo gusimbuza
2. Iyo habayeho ikibazo, bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo hamenyekane icyateye ikibazo no gusana sitasiyo ya GIS.
3. Buri kabati ka module kagomba kuba gafiteGazi ya SF6Igipimo cy'umuvuduko kugira ngo gikurikirane umuvuduko wa gazi imbere. Kugabanya umuvuduko wa gazi kuri module iyo ari yo yose bizatuma sitasiyo yose irinda gazi ikora nabi.
2. Ingaruka mbi zo kuva kwa hexafluoride ya sulfur
Hexafluoride ya sulfur (SF6)ni umwuka udahumanya kandi utagira impumuro. Uburemere bwihariye bwa gazi ya hexafluoride ya sulfur buruta ubw'umwuka. Iyo imaze kuva, iramanuka ikagera ku rwego rwo hasi kandi ntibyoroshye kuyihindura. Iyo imaze guhumekwa n'umubiri w'umuntu, ikomeza kwirundanya mu bihaha igihe kirekire. Kunanirwa gusohora, bigatera kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bw'ibihaha, kubura umwuka mwinshi, kubura umwuka n'izindi ngaruka mbi. Kubera ingaruka mbi ziterwa no kuva kwa gazi ya hexafluoride ya Sf6 sulfur ku mubiri w'umuntu, impuguke zitanga ibi bikurikira:
1. Hexafluoride ya sulfure ni umuti utera guhumeka. Iyo ikoreshejwe cyane, ishobora gutera ibibazo byo guhumeka, guhumeka nabi, uruhu rw'ubururu n'imitsi, ndetse no gucika intege k'umubiri. Nyuma yo guhumeka uruvange rwa 80% bya hexafluoride ya sulfure + 20% bya ogisijeni mu gihe cy'iminota mike, umubiri w'umuntu uzagira ibinya mu ngingo ndetse n'urupfu bitewe no kubura umwuka.
2. Ibikomoka ku kubora kw'ibinyabutabiregaze ya hexafluoride ya sulfurmunsi y’imikorere y’amashanyarazi, nka sulfur tetrafluoride, sulfur fluoride, sulfur difluoride, thionyl fluoride, sulfurly difluoride, thionyl tetrafluoride na aside hydrofluoric, nibindi, byombi birangiza cyane kandi birangiza.
1. Tetrafluoride ya sulfure: Ni umwuka utagira ibara ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba ufite impumuro ikaze. Ushobora gutanga umwotsi ufite ubushuhe mu kirere, byangiza ibihaha kandi bigira ingaruka ku buryo bw'ubuhumekero. Uburozi bwawo bungana n'ubwa fosgene.
2. Sulfure fluoride: Ni umwuka utagira ibara mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba, ufite uburozi, ufite impumuro mbi, kandi ugira ingaruka mbi nk'iza fosgene mu buryo bw'ubuhumekero.
3. Sulfur difluoride: Imiterere y’ibinyabutabire ntabwo ihindagurika cyane, kandi imikorere yayo irushaho kuba myiza nyuma yo gushyuha, kandi yoroshye kuyihinduramo sulfur, dioxyde de sulfur na aside hydrofluoric.
4. Thionyl fluoride: Ni umwuka utagira ibara, unuka amagi yaboze, ufite imiterere ihamye ya shimi, kandi ni umwuka w’uburozi bwinshi ushobora gutera kubyimba ibihaha bikomeye no kubura umwuka w’inyamaswa kugeza ubwo zipfuye.
5. Sulfuril difluoride: Ni umwuka utagira ibara kandi utagira impumuro ifite imiterere ihamye cyane ya shimi. Ni umwuka w’uburozi ushobora gutera imitsi. Akaga kawo ni uko udafite impumuro mbi kandi ntushobora gutera ububabare mu mazuru, bityo akenshi upfa vuba umaze kurogeshwa.
6. Tetrafluorothionyl: Ni umwuka utagira ibara ufite impumuro mbi, wangiza ibihaha.
7. Aside Hydrofluoric: Ni yo ihumanya cyane muri aside. Igira ingaruka zikomeye ku ruhu no mu rurenda, kandi ishobora gutera kubyimba mu bihaha no mu musonga.
Gazi ya hexafluoride ya sulfure ya Sf6Uburyo bwo kuvura byihutirwa: kuvana abakozi mu gace kanduye kamenetse mu kirere, ukabashyira mu kato, ukabuza abantu kwinjiramo. Ni byiza ko abakozi bashinzwe ubutabazi bwihutirwa bambara ibyuma bifasha guhumeka neza kandi bifite umuvuduko uhagije hamwe n'imyenda rusange y'akazi. Kuraho aho amazi aturuka uko bishoboka kose. Guhumeka neza kugira ngo wihutishe gukwirakwira kw'amazi. Niba bishoboka, koresha ako kanya. Ibikoresho bisohoka bigomba gufatwa neza kandi bigakoreshwa nyuma yo gusana no kugenzura.
Itsindagaze ya hexafluoride ya sulfurakazi ko gutahuraGazi ya SF6Igikoresho cyo gukingira gikoreshwa mu gukingira gifatwa na sensor ya SF6. Iyo habayeho gucika kw'amazi cyangwa igipimo kirenze igipimo gisanzwe, ubwa mbere kibona kandi cyohereza inzogera yo mu kigo cyangwa inzogera yo kuri telefoni yo kuri interineti kugira ngo cyibutse abakozi kuva ahantu hateje akaga no gukumira ingaruka zikomeye ziterwa no gucika kw'amazi ya gaze.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-20-2021
