Silaneni urusobe rwa silikoni na hidrojeni, kandi ni ijambo rusange rikoreshwa mu gukurura uruhererekane rw'ibinyabutabire. Silane ikubiyemo cyane cyane monosilane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6) n'ibindi binyabutabire bya silikoni hidrojeni byo ku rwego rwo hejuru, hamwe na formula rusange SinH2n+2. Ariko, mu ikorwa nyaryo, muri rusange monosilane (formula ya chimique SiH4) tuvuga "silane".

Icyiciro cy'ikoranabuhangagaze ya silaneIboneka ahanini binyuze mu gutunganya no gutunganya ifu ya silikoni, hidrojeni, tetrachloride ya silikoni, kataloride, nibindi. Silane ifite ubuziranenge bwa 3N kugeza kuri 4N yitwa silane y’urwego rw’inganda, naho silane ifite ubuziranenge bwa 6N yitwa gaze ya silikoni y’urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga.

Nk'isoko ya gazi yo gutwara ibice bya silikoni,gaze ya silaneYabaye gaze yihariye y'ingenzi idashobora gusimburwa n'izindi nkomoko nyinshi za silikoni kubera ko ifite ubuziranenge bwinshi n'ubushobozi bwo kugera ku buyobozi bwiza. Monosilane ikora silikoni ya kristale binyuze mu gukora pyrolysis, ubu ikaba ari bumwe mu buryo bwo gukora silikoni ya monocrystalline na silikoni ya polycrystalline ku isi mu buryo bunini.

Ibiranga Silane

Silane (SiH4)ni umwuka utagira ibara uhura n'umwuka ugatera guhumeka. Imvugo yayo ni silikoni hydride. Formula ya silane ni SiH4, kandi ingano yayo igera kuri 99.99%. Mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba n'umuvuduko, silane ni umwuka mubi unuka nabi. Aho silane ishongera ni -185℃ naho aho ishongera ni -112℃. Mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba, silane irahindagurika, ariko iyo ishyushye kugeza kuri 400℃, irabora burundu ikaba silikoni na hydrogen. Silane irashya kandi iraturika, kandi izashya cyane mu mwuka cyangwa mu mwuka wa halogen.

Ahantu ho gushyiramo porogaramu

Silane ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha. Uretse kuba ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo gushyiramo molecule za silikoni ku buso bw'ingirabuzimafatizo mu gihe cyo gukora uturemangingo tw'izuba, inakoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora nk'imashini zikora ibintu bito, ibikoresho binini bitanga urumuri, n'ibirahure bitwikiriwe.

Silaneni isoko ya silicon ikoreshwa mu gutunganya umwuka w’ibinyabutabire nka silicon imwe ya kristale, wafers za silicon epitaxial za polycrystalline, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, na phosphosilicate ikirahure mu nganda za semiconductor, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora no guteza imbere uturemangingo tw’izuba, ingoma za silicon copier, sensors za photoelectric, fibres optique, n’ibirahure byihariye.

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ikoreshwa rya silane mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho riracyagaragara, harimo gukora ibumba rigezweho, ibikoresho bivanze, ibikoresho bikora, ibikoresho bikomoka ku binyabuzima, ibikoresho bikoresha ingufu nyinshi, nibindi, biba ishingiro ry'ikoranabuhanga rishya, ibikoresho bishya, n'ibikoresho bishya.