Chipmakers ihura nibibazo bishya. Inganda zibangamiwe ningaruka nshya nyuma yikibazo cya Covise-19 Pandemic yakoze ibibazo byo gutanga. Uburusiya, umwe mu batanga gasutse cyane ku isi bakoreshwa mu musaruro wa Semiconductor, yatangiye kubuza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu bihugu bireba abanzi. Ibyo bita "Noble" gaze nkaneon, argon nahelium.
Iki kiracyari ikindi gikoresho cy'ubukungu bwa Pronkin ku bihugu byashyize ibihano kuri Moscou kubera gutera Ukraine. Mbere y'intambara, Uburusiya na Ukraine hamwe babazwe nka 30 ku ijana byo gutanganeongaze kubice bya semiconduki nibice bya elegitoroniki, ukurikije Bain & Sosiyete. Ibibuza kohereza hanze biza mugihe inganda nabakiriya bayo batangiye kugaragara mubibazo bibi. Umwaka ushize, abakora siporo bagabanya umusaruro w'imodoka bitewe no kubura kwa chip, nk'uko byateganijwe. Gutanga biteganijwe ko bizamura igice cya kabiri cyumwaka.
Neonugira uruhare runini mumusaruro wa semiconductor nkuko birimo inzira yitwa Lithography. Gazi igenzura uburebure bwumucyo ikorwa na laser, niyihe nyandiko "ibimenyetso" kuri wafer wa Silicon. Mbere y'intambara, Uburusiya bwakusanyije imbiswaneonNkibicuruzwa mubihingwa byayo byometse hanyuma byohereza muri Ukraine kugirango byeresheje. Ibihugu byombi byari umusaruro ukomeye wa proviety imyuka myiza y'abasoviyeti, Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti zakundaga kubaka tekinoroji ya gisirikare n'ikibanza, nyamara intambara yo muri Ukraine yateje ibyangiritse ku bushobozi burambye. Imirwano ikomeye mu mijyi imwe n'imwe ya Ukraine, harimo na Mariupol na Odessa, yashenye ubutaka bw'inganda, bigatuma bigora cyane kohereza ibicuruzwa mu karere.
Ku rundi ruhande, kuva igitero cy'Uburusiya cyakorewe muri 2014, abakora Semiconductor ku isi bagiye kwishingikiriza buhoro buhoro mu karere. Umugabane utangwaneongaze muri Ukraine n'Uburusiya yahuje amateka hagati ya 80% na 90%, ariko yagabanutse kuva 2014. munsi ya gatatu. Biracyari kare kuvuga uburyo abarusiya boherezwa mu mahanga bazagira ingaruka ku bafatanije na semiconductor. Kugeza ubu, intambara muri Ukraine ntiyigeze ihagarika gutanga chipi.
Ariko nubwo abatanga ibicuruzwa bashoboye guhitana ibicuruzwa byatakaye mukarere, barashobora kwishyura byinshi kuri gaze nziza. Ibiciro byabo akenshi biragoye gukurikirana kuko benshi bagurishijwe binyuze mumasezerano yigihe kirekire, ariko bakurikije abahanga mu byiciro byigihe kirekire, ariko bakurikiza abahanga mu by'imitekerereze, igiciro cy'amasezerano cya SAON cyazamutse cyanze eshanu kuva mu rwego rwo kwibasiwe igihe kirekire.
Koreya y'Epfo, murugo igihangange cya Samsung, izaba iyambere yumvise "ububabare" kuko ishingiye kuri Amerika, Ubuyapani n'Uburambe Byingenzi bya gaze bishobora kongera umusaruro. Umwaka ushize, Samsung yarenze Intel muri Amerika kuba yarabaye uruganda runini rwisi. Ubu ibihugu biruka kugirango bikureho ubushobozi bwa chip nyuma yimyaka ibiri yicyorezoga, bukareka guhura nubugome muminyururu yisi yose.
Intel yemeye gufasha guverinoma ya Amerika na mbere muri uyu mwaka yatangaje ko yashora miliyari 20 z'amadolari mu nganda ebyiri nshya. Umwaka ushize, Samsung na we yiyemeje kubaka uruganda rwa miliyari 17 z'amadolari muri Texas. Kongera Chip Umusaruro ushobora gutuma asaba akazi gakomeye. Mu gihe Uburusiya bubangamiye ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, Ubushinwa bushobora kuba umwe mu batsinze benshi, kuko afite ubushobozi bunini kandi bushya. Kuva muri 2015, Ubushinwa bwaba bushora imari mu nganda zayo za semiconductor, harimo ibikoresho bikenewe mu gutandukanya imyuka nziza mu zindi bicuruzwa.
Igihe cya nyuma: Jun-23-2022
