Heliumni imwe mu myuka mike yoroshye kuruta umwuka. Icy'ingenzi cyane, irahagaze neza, idafite ibara, impumuro nziza kandi ntacyo itwaye, nibyiza rero kuyikoresha kugirango uturike imipira ireremba.

Ubu helium bakunze kwita "gaze idasanzwe isi" cyangwa "gaze ya zahabu".Heliumbikunze gufatwa nkibintu byonyine bidashobora kuvugururwa kwisi. Nukoresha byinshi, niko udafite, kandi ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha.

Noneho, ikibazo gishimishije ni iki, helium ikoreshwa iki kandi ni ukubera iki idashobora kuvugururwa?

Helium yisi ituruka he?

Heliumurutonde rwa kabiri mumeza yigihe. Mubyukuri, nabwo ni ikintu cya kabiri cyinshi cyane mu isanzure, gikurikira hydrogene, ariko helium ni gake cyane ku isi.

Ni ukubera koheliumifite agaciro ka zeru kandi ntabwo ikora imiti mubihe bisanzwe. Ubusanzwe ibaho gusa muburyo bwa helium (He) na gaze ya isotope.

Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko ari umucyo cyane, iyo imaze kugaragara hejuru yisi mu buryo bwa gaze, izahita ihungira mu kirere aho kuguma ku isi. Nyuma yimyaka miriyoni amagana yo guhunga, hasigaye helium nkeya kwisi, ariko ubu helium yibera mukirere irashobora gukomeza kubice hafi 5.2 kuri miliyoni.

Ni ukubera ko isi ya lithosifike izakomeza gutanga umusaruroheliumkugirango yishyure igihombo cyayo. Nkuko twabivuze mbere, helium mubusanzwe ntabwo ikora imiti, none ikorwa ite?

Hafi ya helium kwisi nigicuruzwa cyangirika kuri radio, cyane cyane kubora kwa uranium na thorium. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kubyara helium muri iki gihe. Ntidushobora kubyara helium muburyo bwa reaction. Hafi ya helium iterwa no kwangirika kwa kamere izinjira mu kirere, ikomeze kwibanda kuri helium mu gihe ikomeza gutakaza, ariko bimwe muri byo bizafungwa na lithosifike. Izo helium zifunze mubisanzwe zivangwa na gaze karemano, amaherezo zigatera imbere zigatandukana nabantu.

Helium ikoreshwa iki?

Helium ifite imbaraga nke cyane kandi zishushe cyane. Ibiranga byemerera gukoreshwa mubice byinshi, nko gusudira, kotsa igitutu no guhanagura, byose bikunda gukoresha helium.

Ariko, icyakorahelium“gaze ya zahabu” niyo ngingo itetse. Ubushyuhe bukabije hamwe no gutekesha amazi ya helium ni 5.20K na 4.125K, biri hafi ya zeru rwose kandi biri hasi mubintu byose.

Ibi bitumaheliumikoreshwa cyane muri cryogenics no gukonjesha superconductor.

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bizerekana imbaraga zidasanzwe ku bushyuhe bwa azote yuzuye, ariko ibintu bimwe bisaba ubushyuhe buke. Bakeneye gukoresha helium y'amazi kandi ntibishobora gusimburwa. Kurugero, ibikoresho birenze urugero bikoreshwa mubikoresho byerekana amashusho ya magnetiki resonance hamwe nu Burayi bunini bwa Hadron Collider byose bikonjeshwa na helium y'amazi.

Isosiyete yacu iratekereza kwinjira mumashanyarazi ya helium, nyamuneka komeza ukurikirane.