Mu kinyejana - ndende ya karuboni yo kutabogama na karubone, ibihugu bikikije isi birashaka cyane igisekuru kizaza cy'ikoranabuhanga bw'ingufu, n'icyatsiammoniani kwibanda ku isi vuba aha. Ugereranije na hydrogen, Amoni yagutse mu murima gakondo w'uburimbuzi bw'ubuhinzi gakondo kugeza ku mbaraga z'ingufu kubera ibyiza byayo byo kubika no gutwara abantu.

Faria, umuhanga muri kaminuza ya Twede mu Buholandi, yavuze ko haguruka ibiciro bya karubone, Ammonia y'icyatsi ashobora kuba umwami uzaza.

None, ni iki murimmonia nini cyane ni iki? Imiterere yiterambere niyihe? Ni ibihe bintu byo gusaba? Ubukungu?

Icyatsi kibisi hamwe nuburyo bwiterambere

Hydrogen nigikoresho nyamukuru cyibikoreshoammoniaumusaruro. Kubwibyo, ukurikije imyuka itandukanye ya karubone mubikorwa bya karubone, Ammomiya irashobora kandi gushyirwa mubikorwa byiciro bine bikurikira ukoresheje ibara:

Imviammonia: Byakozwe mu mbaraga zikoreshwa gakondo (gaze karemano n'amakara).

Ubururu Ammonia: Hydrogène mbisi yakuwe mubice byibinyabuzima, ariko gufata karubone no kubika tekinoroji ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutunganya.

Ubururu-Icyatsi Ammonia: Gahunda ya Methane Pyrolyse yoroshye Methane muri hydrogen na karubone. Hydrogène yakize mubikorwa ikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo bitanga ammomia ukoresheje amashanyarazi yicyatsi.

Icyatsi kibisi: Amashanyarazi yicyatsi yakozwe nuburyo bwongerwa nkumuyaga nizuba ryinshi akoreshwa mugutanga amazi yo kubyara hydrogen, hanyuma Ammonia iva muri azote na hydrogen mukirere.

Kuberako ibinyobwa byatsi bitanga azote n'amazi nyuma yo gutwikwa, kandi ntabwo byatangaga dioxyde de carbon, ifatwa nk'icyatsi "Zeru-karubone" ndetse n'imwe mu mbaraga zingenzi zisukuye mugihe kizaza.

Icyatsi kibisiammoniaIsoko riracyari mu rubyiruko rwayo. Kuva mu buryo bw'isi, ingano y'isoko ry'icyatsi ni nko muri miliyoni 36 z'amadolari y'Amerika muri 2021 kandi biteganijwe ko izamura imirongo ya miliyoni 5.48 muri 2030, hamwe n'iterambere ry'iterambere ry'umwaka wa 74.8%, rifite ubushobozi buke. Ishoramari rya Yundao ryahanuye ko buri mwaka Umusatsi w'icyatsi uzarenga toni miliyoni 20 muri toni 560 muri toni 560 muri 2050, zingana na 80% z'umusaruro wa Amonia.

Kuva 20 Mu mahanga imishinga y'icyatsi kibisi ikwirakwizwa ahanini muri Ositaraliya, Amerika yepfo, Uburayi no mu burasirazuba bwo hagati.

Kuva 2024, Inganda z'icyatsi cyo mu rugo mu Bushinwa zateye imbere vuba. Dukurikije imibare ituzuye, kuva 2024, imishinga irenga 20 yicyatsi ya Hydrogen yazamuwe. Itsinda ryikoranabuhanga rya Ubushinwa, Ubushinwa Isosiyete ishoramari rya Leta, itsinda ryingufu za leta, nibindi byashize Umusaruro hafi 200.

Ibyifuzo bya UBMONIA Icyatsi

Nk'ingufu zisukuye, icyatsi kibisi gifite ibintu bitandukanye bya porogaramu mugihe kizaza. Usibye gukoresha gakondo nubuhinzi gakondo, ahanini bikubiyemo kuvanga amashanyarazi, kohereza lisansi, gukosora karubone, kubika hydrogen, kubika hydrogen nibindi bice.

1. Inganda zohereza

Ibyuka biva mu kirere bya karbone kuri konti yo kohereza kuri 3% kugeza kuri 4% by'umwuka wa karubone. Muri 2018, umuryango mpuzamahanga wo mu nyanja wafashe ingamba zibanza zo kugabanya gaze ya Greenhouse, isaba ko hazagabanuka karusike n'igabanuka ku mwaka wa 70%, kandi igabanuka ry'inganda za Carbon, risukuye ku isi isohoza ingufu za tekiniki.

Muri rusange bizera inganda zoherejwe ariho icyatsi kibisi ni kimwe mu bihangano byingenzi mu guteranagura inganda zo gutwara ejo hazaza.

Iyandikwa rya Lloyd ryo kohereza rimwe ryahanuwe ko hagati ya 2030 na 2050, igipimo cya Amoni kiziyongera kiva kuri 7% kugeza kuri 20% nibindi bikaba bihinduka lisansi yingenzi yo kohereza.

2. Inganda zinguvu

AmmoniaKurwanira ntabwo bitanga CO2, kandi inyoni yo gutwika Amoni irashobora gukoresha ibihingwa byangiza amakara bihari nta gishushanyo kinini mu mubiri wa boiler. Nigikorwa cyiza cyo kugabanya ibyuka bya karubon dioxyde mubihingwa byarashwe namakara.

Ku ya 15 Nyakanga, Iterambere ry'igihugu n'ivugurura n'ubuyobozi bw'ingufu z'igihugu bwatanze "gahunda y'ibikorwa yo guhindura karubone no kubaka ingufu z'amakarito (2024-2027)", ibice by'ingufu z'amakara bigomba kugira ubushobozi bwo guhuriza hamwe no kubaka ibipimo birenga 10% no gutwika amakara. Urwego rwo kurya hamwe ninzego za karubone ziragabanuka cyane. Birashobora kugaragara ko kuvanga Ammonia cyangwa Ammonia nziza mumihanda yubushyuhe nicyerekezo cyingenzi cya tekiniki cyo kugabanya karubone mumirima yigisekuru.

Ubuyapani ni promoteri mukuru wa Ammonia yavanze imbaraga. Ubuyapani bwateguye "Ammonia Lualia Ammonia Luvel Ammonia" muri 2021, kandi azarangiza imyigaragambyo no kugenzura 20% yavanyweho amavuta ya Ammonia mu mashanyarazi ya 2025; Mugihe Amoni yavanze tekinoroji ikura, iyi ngingo iziyongera kugera kuri 50%; Kugeza hafi 2040, uruganda rwingufu za Ammonia ruzubatswe.

3. Ububiko bwa Hydrogen

Ammonia ikoreshwa nk'ububiko bw'i hydrogen, kandi akeneye kunyura mu nzira ya synthesis ya ammonia, imibumbe, ubwikorezi, no kongera gukuramo hydrogène ya gaze. Inzira yose ya ammonia-hydrogène irakuze.

Kugeza ubu, hari inzira esheshatu zo kubika hydrogène no gutwara abantu no gutwara abantu no gutwara abantu, ububiko bwamazi, hamwe nububiko bwa amoni. Muri bo, ububiko bwa ammonia no gutwara abantu ni ugukuramo hydrogène binyuze muri synthesis, imiburo, ubwikorezi, no kugabanuka. Ammonia yayobowe na -33 ° C cyangwa 1MPA. Igiciro cya hydrogente / umwuma kangana na 85%. Ntabwo yunvikana intera yo gutwara kandi ikwiranye nububiko buciriritse kandi burebure no gutwara hyk byk bydrogène nini, cyane cyane ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja. Numwe muburyo bwiza bwo kubika hydrogen no gutwara abantu mugihe kizaza.

4. Ibikoresho fatizo

Nk'ifumbire y'icyatsi kibisi nicyatsi hamwe nibikoresho byingenzi bya chimique yicyatsi, icyatsiammoniaAzateza imbere cyane iterambere ryihuse rya "Icyatsi kibisi + Ifumbire Icyatsi" na "Green Amonia" iminyururu yinganda.

Ugereranije na Ammonitic Ammonia yakozwe mu mbaraga z'ibisiga, biteganijwe ko Amoninia Icyatsi atazashobora gushinga irushanwa ryiza nk'ibikoresho chem chem imiti mbere ya 2035.