Ku itariki ya 16 Mata 2022, saa tatu n'iminota mirongo itanu n'itandatu ku isaha ya Beijing, icyogajuru cya Shenzhou 13 gifite abantu cyageze neza ku kibuga cya Dongfeng, kandi urugendo rw'indege ya Shenzhou 13 rufite abantu rwagenze neza cyane.

Gutangiza ikirere, gutwika lisansi, guhindura imiterere y'ibyogajuru n'ibindi byinshi by'ingenzi ntaho bitaniye n'ubufasha bwa gazi. Moteri z'imodoka nshya zo mu gihugu cyanjye zikoresha cyane cyane amazi.iy'hydrogen, amaziogisijenina peteroli nk'ibicanwa.Xenonishinzwe guhindura imiterere no guhindura inzira z'ibyogajuru mu kirere.Azoteikoreshwa mu kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'umwuka mu bigega bya roketi, sisitemu za moteri, nibindi. Ibice bya valve y'umwuka bishobora gukoreshaazotenk'isoko y'amashanyarazi. Ku bice bimwe na bimwe bya valve y'umwuka ikora ku bushyuhe bwa hydrogen y'amazi,heliyumuimikorere irakoreshwa. Azote ivanze n'umwuka ushyushye nta ngaruka igira ku buryo bwo gutwika no guturika, nta ngaruka mbi igira ku buryo butuma ishyuha, kandi ni umwuka uhendutse kandi ukwiriye wo gusukura. Kuri moteri za roketi zikoresha hydrogen-oxygen, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe by'izuba, igomba gutwarwa na heliyumu.

Gazi itanga ingufu zihagije kuri roketi (urwego rwo kuguruka)

Roketi za mbere zakoreshejwe nk'intwaro cyangwa mu gukora ibisasu by'umuriro. Dukurikije ihame ry'ibikorwa n'imbaraga zo gukora, roketi ishobora gukora imbaraga mu cyerekezo kimwe - gusunika. Kugira ngo roketi ikoreshwe imbaraga zikenewe, hakoreshwa iturika rigenzurwa riturutse ku buryo bukomeye bwa shimi hagati ya lisansi na oxidizer. Gazi yagutse iva mu guturika iva inyuma ya roketi inyuze mu cyambu cy'indege. Icyambu cy'indege kiyobora umwuka ushyushye cyane n'umuvuduko mwinshi uva mu gutwika ukajya mu mugezi w'umwuka, usohoka inyuma ku muvuduko wa hypersonic (inshuro nyinshi umuvuduko w'amajwi).

Gazi itanga ubufasha ku bahanga mu by'ikirere kugira ngo bahumeke mu kirere

Imishinga yo mu kirere ikoreshwa n'abantu ifite ibisabwa bikomeye ku myuka ikoreshwa n'abakoresha ikirere, isaba ko isuku ikabijeogisijenin'imvange ya azote. Ubwiza bwa gaze bugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku biva mu iraswa rya roketi ndetse n'imiterere y'umubiri w'abagenda mu kirere.

"Urugendo" rw'imbaraga za gazi hagati y'inyenyeri

Kuki ukoreshaxenonnk'umushongi utwara amashanyarazi?Xenonifite uburemere bunini bwa atome kandi irahinduka iyoni byoroshye, kandi ntabwo irangirizwa n'imirasire, bityo ikaba ikwiriye gukoreshwa nk'ikirahure cya ion thrusters. Uburemere bwa atome nabwo ni ingenzi, bivuze ko iyo yihutishijwe ku muvuduko umwe, nucleus nini cyane igira imbaraga nyinshi, bityo iyo isohotse, ni bwo imbaraga nyinshi itanga kuri thruster. Uko thruster iba nini, ni ko thruster iba nini.